Phosphate Enrichment of Niobium-Based Catalytic Surfaces in Relation to Reactions of Carbohydrate Biomass Conversion: The Case Studies of Inulin Hydrolysis and Fructose Dehydration

In this work, some physical mixtures of Nb2O5·nH2O and NbOPO4 were prepared to study the role phosphate groups in total acidity samples two reactions involving carbohydrate biomass: hydrolysis polyfructane dehydration fructose/glucose 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). The acid catalytic properties dominated by group enrichment. Lewis Brønsted sites detected FT-IR experiments with pyridine adsorption/desorption under dry wet conditions. decreased NbP composition, while samples, measured titrations phenylethylamine cyclohexane (~3.5 μeq m−2) water (~2.7 m−2), maintained almost same values. Inulin conversion took advantage presence surfaces rich sites, showed best activity glucose/fructose formation. catalyst a more phosphated surface less deactivation during into HMF.